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PBT 聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯
典型应用范围:
家用器具（食品加工刀片、真空吸尘器元件、电风扇、头发干燥机壳体、咖啡器皿等），电器元件（开关、电机壳、保险丝盒、计算机键盘按键等），汽车工业（散热器格窗、车身嵌板、车轮盖、门窗部件等）。
注塑模工艺条件:
干燥处理：这种材料在高温下很容易水解，因此加工前的干燥处理是很重要的。建议在空气中的干燥条件为120C,6~8小时，或者150C，2~4小时。湿度必须小于0.03%。如果用吸湿干燥器干燥，建议条件为150C，2.5小时?
熔化温度：225~275C，建议温度：250C 。
模具温度：对于未增强型的材料为40~60C。要很好地设计模具的冷却腔道以减小塑件的弯曲。热量的散失一定要快而均匀。建议模具冷却腔道的直径为12mm。
注射压力：中等（最大到1500bar）。
注射速度：应使用尽可能快的注射速度（因为PBT的凝固很快）。
流道和浇口:
建议使用圆形流道以增加压力的传递（经验公式：流道直径=塑件厚度+1.5mm）。可以使用各种型式的浇口。也可以使用热流道，但要注意防止材料的渗漏和降解。浇口直径应该在0.8~1.0*t之间，这里 t是塑件厚度。如果是潜入式浇口，建议最小直径为0.75mm。
化学和物理特性:
PBT是最坚韧的工程热塑材料之一，它是半结晶材料，有非常好的化学稳定性、机械强度、电绝缘特性和热稳定性。这些材料在很广的环境条件下都有很好的稳定性。 PBT吸湿特性很弱。
非增强型PBT的张力强度为50MPa，玻璃添加剂型的PBT张力强度为170MPa。玻璃添加剂过多将导致材料变脆。PBT的；结晶很迅速，这将导致因冷却不均匀而造成弯曲变形。对于有玻璃添加剂类型的材料，流程方向的收缩率可以减小，但与流程垂直方向的收缩率基本上和普通材料没有区别。一般材料收缩率在1.5%~2.8%之间。含30%玻璃添加剂的材料收缩0.3%~1.6%之间。熔点（225%C）和高温变形温度都比PET材料要低。维卡软化温度大约为170C。玻璃化转换温度（glass trasitio temperature）在22C到43C之间。
由于PBT的结晶速度很高，因此它的粘性很低，塑件加工的周期时间一般也较低。
PBT
Generic Class
PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalates)
Typical Applications
Household appliances (food processor blades, vacuum cleaner parts, fans, hair dryer housings, coffee makers, etc.), electronics (switches, motor housings, fuse cases, key caps for computer keyboards, connectors, fiber optic buffer tubing, etc.), automotive (grilles, body panels, wheel covers, and components for doors and windows, etc.)
Injection Molding Processing Conditions
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Drying
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This material is sensitive to hydrolysis at high temperatures. It is therefore important to dry the material prior to molding. Suggested drying conditions (in air) are 120 C (248 F) for 6 - 8 hours (or 150 C (300 F) for 2 - 4 hours). Moisture levels must be below 0.03%. When using a desiccant dryer, drying at 120 C (248 F) for 2.5 hours is recommended.
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Melt Temperature
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220 - 280 C (428 - 536 F); aim: 250 C (482 F)
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Mold Temperature
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40 - 60 C (104 - 140 F) for unreinforced grades. For other grades, a wide range of temperatures can be used, depending on the grade (15 - 80 C / 59 - 176 F). Cooling channels should be properly designed to minimize part warpage. The heat removal must be fast and uniform. Cooling channels of 12 mm diameter are recommended.
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Resin Injection Pressure
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Moderate (up to maximum of 1500 bar / 21750 psi).
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Injection Speed
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Fastest possible speeds should be used (due to fast solidification of PBTs)
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Runners and Gates
Full round runners are recommended to impart maximum pressure transmission (rule of thumb: runner diameter = part thickness + 1.5 mm). A wide variety of gates may be used. Hot runners may also be used, taking care to avoid drool and material degradation. Gate diameters or depths should preferably be between 0.8 - 1.0 times the part thickness. When using submarine gates, the minimum recommended diameter is 0.75 mm.
Chemical and Physical Properties
PBT is one of the toughest engineering thermoplastics. It is a semicrystalline resin and has excellent chemical resistance, mechanical strength, electrical properties (high dielectric strength and insulation resistance), and heat resistance, all of which are stable over a broad range of environmental conditions. It has very low moisture absorption.
PBT, which is a polyester, is produced by the polycondensation reaction of dimethyl terephthalate an butanediol.
Tensile strength ranges from 50 MPa (7,250 psi) for unfilled grades to 170 MPa (24,650 psi) for glass reinforced grades. High levels of glass fillers make the material more brittle. Crystallization is rapid and this could cause warpage due to non-uniform cooling. In the case of glass filled grades, shrinkage is reduced in the flow direction, but in the cross-flow direction it may be equal to that of the base resin. Shrinkage is of the order of 0.015 - 0.028 mm/mm (1.5 -2.8%). A 30% glass-filled resin has a shrinkage range of 0.3 - 1.6%. The melting point (approximately 225 C / 437 F) and heat distortion temperatures are lower than that of PET. The Vicat softening point is approximately 170 C (338 F). The glass transition temperature ranges from 22 - 43 C (71 - 109 F).
The melt viscosity is fairly low and due to fast crystallization rates, cycle times are typically low.
Major Manufacturers
BASF (Ultradur), Ticona (Celanex), GE Plastics (Lomod, Valox), Bayer (Pocan), Huls (Vestoduv), Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics (Novadur), Teijin Chemicals.
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